
Wasabi paste is a pungent green condiment made by grinding the rhizome of Eutrema japonicum, a Brassicaceae plant.
Sharp, volatile nasal heat that strikes fast and clears quickly, over a faintly bitter, green vegetal note; genuine rhizome carries a sweeter, fresher aroma than the horseradish-based imitation.
Whisked or stirred in trace amounts to add a burst of pungent heat and aroma, it works as a seasoning accent; freshly prepared paste is sharpest, and its heat is best added late so the volatile compounds are not lost.
Horseradish or hot mustard, both Brassicaceae isothiocyanate sources, reproduce the essential nasal heat — which is exactly how commercial imitation wasabi is made — but neither preserves the specific green, sweeter aroma of genuine Eutrema japonicum rhizome.
Horseradish (and horseradish-based imitation wasabi)
Genuine wasabi is the grated rhizome of Eutrema japonicum, whereas most paste sold as 'wasabi', especially outside Japan, is actually horseradish plus mustard and green colouring. They share pungency from isothiocyanates but differ in aroma and plant source.
Producers grate the rhizome of Eutrema japonicum into a fine paste, though genuine cultivation is difficult and costly, so most paste and powder sold outside Japan is imitation — horseradish and mustard tinted green with colouring. All three plants belong to the Brassicaceae and share their sharpness from isothiocyanate compounds.
Freshly grated wasabi loses its volatile pungency within a short time, so it is at full strength when just prepared.
Wasabi is native to Japan, where the plant grows naturally along stream beds in mountain river valleys, and it is culturally established as a Japanese condiment.