
Agricole is a style of rum distilled from freshly squeezed sugarcane juice rather than molasses, originating in the French-speaking Caribbean.
Dry and clean across the palate, finishing on a grassy, vegetal cane note; aroma is high and distinctly fresh-cane, with little sweetness.
Poured as a base measure, it drives the drink with its fresh-cane character and can be stirred or shaken; used in a smaller measure it lends a dry, aromatic cane accent without much sweetness.
Another fresh-cane-juice spirit — a different agricole, cachaça or clairin — since the grassy cane aroma cannot be reproduced by a molasses-based rum; a comparable-strength cane spirit covers the alcoholic backbone but only in a small accent role.
Molasses-based rum
Agricole is distilled from fresh sugarcane juice, whereas conventional rum is distilled from molasses, a by-product of sugar refining. That raw-material difference gives agricole its characteristic grassy, vegetal cane character.
Cachaça is also distilled from fresh sugarcane juice but is a distinct Brazilian product with its own legal definition and production traditions; rhum agricole is the French-Caribbean cane-juice style.
Rhum agricole is fermented and distilled from fresh, unconcentrated sugarcane juice, unlike most rum, which is made from molasses, a by-product of sugar refining. Under EU law the name may be supplemented by 'agricole' only for a product distilled exclusively from cane juice below 90% vol., unsweetened, with a geographical indication of a French Overseas Department or Madeira; cane-juice rums made entirely in Martinique to defined standards additionally qualify for the AOC Martinique Rhum Agricole appellation.
The style arose in the French Caribbean after France began producing beet sugar around 1811, when falling sugar prices led cane producers to ferment and distil fresh cane juice; it is chiefly associated with Martinique, Guadeloupe (including Marie-Galante) and Haiti.