
Cachaça is a sugarcane spirit distilled from fermented fresh cane juice rather than molasses. By law only a spirit made in Brazil may carry the name. The cane juice keeps it grassy and fresh.
White cachaça is the base of the Caipirinha: lime wedges and sugar muddled in the glass, then cachaça and ice. Press the wedges gently, since crushed white pith turns the drink bitter. Unaged cachaça suits it best; barrel notes bury the lime. The same grassy freshness drives batidas, blended drinks of cachaça with fruit or condensed milk. The Rabo de Galo stirs cachaça with red vermouth, Manhattan-style. Aged bottles are more often sipped neat than mixed.
Rhum agricole blanc
The nearest swap and tastes a little sharper. Many are bottled at 50% or more, so pour a touch less.
Aguardente de cana
Works the same way, as some bottles run up to 54%. Start slightly under the measure and taste.
Light white rum
Will do, but the grassy note is lost.
Artisanal cachaça comes off copper pot stills (alambiques), industrial cachaça off a column; the pot-still kind is brighter, and the label says "cachaça de alambique". Aged cachaça is not always oak-aged: amburana wood gives it a cinnamon note.
The grassy cane note is what sets cachaça apart from a light rum, and it fades once the bottle is open. A half-empty bottle left for a year drifts toward plain rum. Keep it closed and out of the sun, and move the last of it into a smaller bottle.
Strawberry and Basil Caipirinha
Cachaça