
Fernet-Branca is an Italian brand of fernet — a bitter, aromatic amaro built on grape spirit and a formula of 27 herbs.
A cooling menthol finish trails behind an intense, almost medicinal bitterness, threaded with saffron and resinous myrrh over a medium body and very little sweetness.
Bartenders reach for it either as a headline bitter measure, stirred, or dashed in a barspoon as an aromatic seasoning; at that smaller dose it works much like a bitters, adding menthol-saffron bite without sweetening.
As a barspoon accent another intensely bitter fernet or amaro stands in with tolerable loss, since its low sweetness and high strength are easily matched; but as a base or headline measure it is essentially non-substitutable, because the menthol-saffron-myrrh aromatic cannot be reconstructed from a different herb bill.
Fernet is a specific sub-style of amaro, drier and markedly more bitter and mentholated than most amari; a broad amaro label is correct but less precise than fernet.
Branca Menta is a separate, sweeter, mint-forward liqueur from the same producer; both are minty, but Branca Menta is sweeter while Fernet-Branca is drier and more bitter.
Fratelli Branca Distillerie produces it in Milan from a trade-secret bill of 27 herbs and other ingredients — reported components include Chinese rhubarb, bitter aloe, gentian, galangal, chamomile, linden, iris, saffron, zedoary, myrrh and cinchona — on a base of distilled grape spirit. It carries higher alcohol and lower sugar than most amari and is aged in oak barrels for a year.
Fernet-Branca was formulated in Milan, Italy, in 1845 by the self-taught herbalist Bernardino Branca, and is still produced there to the original recipe.

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