
Mezcal is a Mexican agave spirit, distilled from roasted, fermented agave hearts under a protected denomination of origin — and the smoke from that roasting is its signature.
Roasted, earthy and distinctly smoky, with a strong agave aroma, a medium body and low bitterness.
As a base, mezcal anchors a drink with roasted-agave smoke — it makes a smoky Margarita and shares the base of an Oaxaca Old Fashioned with tequila. It's also a smoky swap for gin or whisky in classics like a Negroni or Penicillin. Just a rinse of the glass, or a barspoon, adds smoke as an accent. Espadín is the friendly, everyday one to start with.
As a base its smoke defines the drink, so it's hard to replace. If mezcal is only a small accent in the recipe, another agave spirit — or a tequila — can stand in, though you'll lose the smoke.
Tequila
Tequila is a legally distinct agave spirit made only from blue agave within a narrower Mexican appellation, whereas mezcal may be made from over 30 agave species across a different set of denomination-of-origin states. Both fall under the same US TTB 'agave spirits' category.
Producers roast the hearts (piñas) of the agave — usually in earthen pits — then ferment and distil them, which is where mezcal gets its smoke. It can be made from more than 30 agave species, far more than tequila's single blue agave. Rules are set by the NOM-070 standard; some styles add extras like the maguey worm, or, in the de pechuga style, fruit and a chicken breast hung in the still.
Mezcal's denomination covers a set of Mexican states — Oaxaca, Durango, Guerrero, Michoacán and others — with Oaxaca making the great majority.

Italian Mezcal Margarita
Tequila reposado

Mezcal Margarita
Mezcal

Naked & Famous
Mezcal, Herbal liqueur (e.g., Yellow Chartreuse), Aperitivo

Oaxaca Old Fashioned
Tequila reposado, Mezcal

Mezcal Martinez
Mezcal

Mezcal Negroni
Mezcal, Red bitter, Rosso vermouth

Smoky Tommy's Margarita
Tequila blanco

Mezcal Pornstar Martini
Dry sparkling wine, Mezcal

White Mezcal Negroni
Mezcal

Garden Sour
Mezcal, Tequila blanco, Rhubarb liqueur

Mezcal Mule
Mezcal

Pura Vida
Mezcal

Snowbird
Mezcal

Crimes Of Passion
Tequila reposado

Devil Smoked Margarita
Mezcal

Gun Metal Blue
Mezcal

Mosquito
Mezcal, Red bitter

Spaghetti Western
Tequila reposado

Tuxedo Affumicato
Mezcal

1910 Cocktail
Mezcal, Cognac, Punt e Mes

Kummel Ye Faithful
Mezcal

Snake Eyes
Mezcal

Tia Mia
Caribbean aged rum, Mezcal

Tommi’s Cocktail
Mezcal